Abstract: Even though historically poor Russian-Turkish relations improved during the early years of the Republic of Turkey and the USSR, Russia has not given up on its intention to occupy the straits. In 1925, the two countries signed a Treaty of Friendship and Non-Aggression. However, Turkiye remaining neutral and avoid from involvement in the Second World War and not cutting trade and diplomatic relations with Germany worsened relations between Moscow and Ankara. All of these actions led to a sharp disruption in relations between Tüurkiye and Russia as Russians intended to control the straits again and make changes to Turkiye's eastern borders in their favor. By getting closer to Western countries after the war, Turkey was able to eliminate the Russian threat.
Keywords: Relationships between Soviet Russia and Turkiye, USSR, Türkiye, 1938-1950 years