China and India are newly emerging major global actors. The competition between two states is not a simple border issue, but a broader and multifaceted strategic competition. Turkistan has strategic importance for both states in its proximity, strategic geographical location in the heart of Asia, natural resource riches, and potential area of influence. Today, China has a great influence in every field in the Turkistan region and has even surpassed Russia in some areas. China further consolidates its influence by including regional countries in its international organizations and institutions such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and the Belt Road Initiative (BRI). Although India is currently at a disadvantageous position in the Turkistan region compared to other major actors such as China and Russia, it is determined to try hard to permanently impact the region by developing long-term and realistic policies. In the long term, it is expected that the policies pursued by China and India towards the region and the extent of competition will continue to be the most important factors affecting the fate of Turkistan
China, India, Turkistan, Hegemony, Strategic Competition.