Toponyms are closely related to disciplines such as history, geography, linguistics, ethnography, and archaeology, as they typically consist of names associated with nations, tribes, and words in the language of the respective group. The article highlights that the formation of contemporary geographical names in Azerbaijani and English languages has been influenced by various languages across different historical periods. In the case of Azerbaijan, toponyms are derived from ancient Turkish words, general lexical units from Azerbaijani language, as well as borrowings from other languages such as Arabic, Persian, and Urartian. These toponyms have evolved based on words that have become established in the Azerbaijani language and have contributed to the creation of geographical names. English toponyms encompass Latin, French, Celtic, and Scandinavian elements, reflecting the influences of Celts, Romans, Anglo-Saxons, and Vikings on English culture and language, which have significantly impacted British toponyms. A comparative analysis of Azerbaijani and English toponyms reveals differences in their origins, with these words categorized into simple, compound, and compound types based on their formation. The toponymic lexicon of both Azerbaijani and English languages is diverse and vibrant, offering a wide range of functional and stylistic possibilities for toponyms in both languages. Key words: toponyms, morphological features, ethnography, semantic
Toponyms, morphological features, ethnography, semantic